代写ELEC4401、Electrical, Electronic代做、代写MATLAB/JAVA编程语言

日期：2019-05-08 10:41

A Cantoni 2013,2016,2018,2019

Revision: Date:

2.2 8/5/2018

Title:

ELEC4401-2019 Project –Modelling and

Analysis of Power Planes and Power Supply

Systems

Author(s):

Antonio Cantoni

Document History:

Revision Date Comments

1.0 12/10/2006 Initial Draft

1.1 8/3/2013 Minor Corrections

1.2 3/2/2017 Submission information added

2.0 4/3/2018 Adapted to include GUI Tool

2.1

2.2

7/5/2018 Added board dimensions in P4.1

Added lumped model parameters.

Department of Electrical, Electronic

and Computer Engineering

Table of Contents

A.Cantoni 2018 i of i

Table of Contents

1 Introduction ............................................................................... 1

1.1 IMPORTANT NOTE ......................................................................................2

1.2 Individual Report .............................................................................................2

1.3 Project Report Organisation .............................................................................2

2 Summary of Software tools ....................................................... 3

2.1 Coordinate System for Port Location ...............................................................4

3 Investigations ............................................................................ 5

3.1 The impact of the dimension of power ground plane pair on Port Impedances..6

3.2 Adding Lumped Loads to Power Planes ...........................................................6

3.3 Stitching Power Planes Structures ....................................................................7

3.4 Modelling Complete Distribution Systems .......................................................9

4 References ................................................................................ 12

Introduction

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1 Introduction

The objective of this project is to gain experience in aspects of the design of one part of

an electronic system. Specifically, the project is concerned with the power supply

distribution system which is comprised of the DC regulator and one or more zones

created using power planes on a printed circuit board. The modelling and analysis of

this type of system involves both circuit theory and electromagnetic theory. In this

project, software tools based on the results obtained from these two areas will be used to

investigate the effect of various options that arise in design of the power supply

distribution system. The options are related to the use of zones to reduce coupling

among sub-circuits and the use of a range of decoupling components such as ferrite

beads and capacitors of various types (high frequency and low frequency capacitors) .

Approximate analytical modelling of parts of a power supply distribution system is

certainly possible and indeed necessary in order to appreciate what the key parameters

are and how these impact performance. However, validation of the approximate analysis

with models of higher accuracy is often required. These more accurate models usually

do not lead to closed form parametric results and also are not amenable to complete

systems that are quite complex. In this case, we turn to software tools which make

evaluation of quite complex systems possible and undertake numerical studies. This

project is concerned with numerical studies of aspects of a power supply distribution

system using software tools derived from circuit theory and electromagnetic theory.

This document provides an introduction to the software tools and then proposes a

number of scenarios that you should investigate using the tools. The proposals are

identified as Px.y. Each proposal requires you to investigate some particular

characteristic for number of scenarios or for parameters specified within some limits.

For example, investigate the effect of the size of a zone on the impedance at a port on

the zone. It is up to you to decide the level of detail to be pursued in the investigation

and the range of parameter values within the given limits that should be used. Your

report should be written strictly with hindsight and should not present an exhaustive or a

purely chronological study, but rather, you should isolate the key effects and identify

broad trends that you have seen in your numerical studies and support these conclusion

with selected and small number of numerical results.

Introduction

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1.1 IMPORTANT NOTE

The software tools that will be provided for you to carry out the project described in this

document consist of MATLAB PCBStructure Tools and a PSImpedance Tool that

provides a GUI interface to the MATLAB PCBStructure Tools through a user friendly

GUI interface to define and analyse power supply distribution systems.

You are permitted to use these tools as a student enrolled in the unit ELEC4401 at

UWA for the purpose of carrying out the project described in this document. You are

required to acknowledge the source of the tools in any report you write that has results

obtained by using the software tools provided.

You are not permitted to distribute the software in any manner.

You are not permitted to use the software for any commercial work without

written permission of the owners of the software.

1.2 Individual Report

This project should be the work of individual students. Collaboration is accepted, but

copying and plagiarism is not. The results presented should be produced by individuals

using the tools and the report must be written by each individual student and express his

personal view.

1.3 Project Report Organisation

Your report should use the proposal/investigation labels Px.y as section headings so that

it is clear where each proposal/investigation is covered in the report. Keep the text brief

and do not replicate what is already in this project description document but use

referencing where required. Do not include large amounts of MATLAB code or Tool

use descriptions in the main body of the report place this type of information in an

Appendix and keep it brief.

Your report must be composed using appropriate document composition tools for text,

equations and plotting. Scanned handwritten material is not allowed.

Your report must be submitted online by the due date as specified in LMS.

Summary of Software tools

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2 Summary of Software tools

This project uses a set of software tools that have been developed in MATLAB and

JAVA to analyse power distribution systems for multi-layered PCBs. The tools allow

for the creation of software structures that represent physical power distribution

structures. Specifically, the tools allow for the creation of rectangular power ground

plane (P/G) distribution structures that can be interconnected to form arbitrarily shaped

structures. Lumped impedances can be connected to the structures at specified ports.

These lumped impedances may be used to model bulk decoupling, high frequency

decoupling or the behaviour of the dc supply. Distribution structures can be

interconnected directly or can be interconnected by means of a series impedance. The

series impedance allows for the addition of supply filtering components such as ferrites

or inductors used to interconnect supply zones.

Multiple supply layers in a PCB stack-up can be modelled by creating separate

structures for the different VCC/GND pairs and interconnecting them at ports to

simulate the effect of stitching vias.

Figure 1 (a) physical system (b) model using software tools

The tools allow for the analysis of power distribution systems by predicting the supply

input or transfer impedance at arbitrary ports over the frequency spectrum of the circuit.

For example, in Figure 1(a) the input impedance of the supply planes at IC1 may be

desired. This impedance will provide an estimate of the noise induced on this supply

node in response to a switching current produced by IC1. Further, the transfer

impedance between the supply nodes of IC1 and IC2 may be desired. This impedance

will give an indication of the noise voltage appearing at the supply pins of IC2 due to

the switching of IC1.

Use may use either or both MATLAB PCBStructure Tools and the PSImpedance

Tool to carry out your project.

Details on the MATLAB PCBStructure Tools can be found in [1].

Details on the PSImpedance Tool can be found in [2].

Make sure you clearly understand the limitations of the tools and the assumptions made

to develop the models used by the tools.

2.1 Coordinate System for Port Location

A rectangular plane pair is defined as shown in Figure 2 with three

parameters( , , , ) a b d h , the extent along the x axis, the extent along the y axis and the

board thickness and copper plane thickness respectively. Note that the lower left hand

corner of a board is located at the origin of the coordinate system. The location of a port

for impedance observation and for loading of the planes is specified in terms of the x y, coordinates.

As an example, two ports, p and q located at ? x y p p , ? and ? x y q q , ? with a port radius of

vr are shown Figure 2.

Investigations

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Figure 2 Board and Port Location

3 Investigations

For all investigations use the following electrical parameters for the power planes:

0 Free space dielectric constant. 8.854188e-12

Free space permeability constant. 1.256637061e-6

r Relative dielectric constant of insulator

between the copper planes s Conductivity of copper planes. 5.76*1e6

tan G Loss tangent of copper planes. 0.002

h Thickness of copper planes. 35e-6

d Thickness of insulator between copper

Thickness h

Investigations

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3.1 The impact of the dimension of power ground

plane pair on Port Impedances.

P1.1 Investigate the impact of the length and width of the planes on the impedance of

a single port on a plane. Consider planes with dimensions 0.3m x 0.3m, 0.15m x 0.3m

and 0.05m x 0.3m. You should choose no more than five locations for location of the

port on the planes.

3.2 Adding Lumped Loads to Power Planes

Lumped loads, such as decoupling capacitors are added to the power ground plane

structures to control impedance at ports and trans-impedance between ports.

0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3

example0-1.m: Simple Power Ground Plane

Figure 3 Port labelling. Two observation ports with one loaded port, port 2-1.

Investigations

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P2.1 For the board shown in Figure 3 investigate the effect on the impedance at port 1-1

and 1-2, when a capacitor with parameters C nF R L ? ? ? ? 100 30 m , 1 nH in the

model shown in Figure 4 is added at port 2-1.

Figure 4 Capacitor Lumped Impedance Model

The (x,y) locations of the ports are shown in Table 2.

Port x (m) y (m)

1-1 0.1 0.1

1-2 0.25 0.05

2-1 0.2 0.15

Table 2

P2.2 For the board shown in Figure 3 investigate the effect on the impedance at port 1-1

and 1-2, if the capacitor has parameters C nF R L ? ? ? ? 100 30 m , 5 nH in the

model shown in Figure 4 .

3.3 Stitching Power Planes Structures

Two rectangular structures can be combined to form a lager structure. This is achieved

by defining a string of matching ports along the edges of the P/G structures and then

joining the ports together.

Investigations

Figure 5 Power ground plane with two ports that is not segmented

0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45

Figure 6 Two supply zones joined using large ports

Investigations

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P3.1 For the board shown in Figure 6 investigate the effect on the impedance at the

observation ports due to stitching of two planes to approximate the single plane.

The (x,y) locations of the ports are shown in Table 3.

Port x (m) y (m)

1 0.1 0.1

2 0.35 0.05

Table 3

3.4 Modelling Complete Distribution Systems

Figure 7 shows an example of a complete power distribution system. The system

includes an L-shaped power zone that is connected to a square power zone by means of

a bridge. The location of the power supply (PS), bulk decoupling (BD) and high

frequency decoupling (HFD) are illustrated. A ferrite bridge (FB) is used to connect the

two power zones together as shown. The sizes of the three boards can be determined

from dimension x,y dimension shown in Figure 7.

Figure 7 Example of a complete Distribution System

Investigations

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The lumped impedance models for the elements used on the boards are as follows:

Figure 8 Capacitor Lumped Impedance Model

HFD - High Frequency Decoupling Capacitor Lumped Impedance Model

C nF L nH R m 

BD -Bulk Decoupling Capacitor Lumped Impedance Model

C F L nH R m 

Figure 9 Power Supply Lumped Impedance Model

PS- Power Supply Lumped Impedance Model

L H R m

FB-Ferrite Bead Lumped Impedance Model

Figure 10 Ferrite Bead Lumped Impedance Model

0.68 1.26 410 800 R C pF L nH R S Investigations

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P4.1 Investigate the impedance at port 1 and the transfer impedance between port 1-1

and port 1-2 under the following conditions:

a) PS - only power supply and planes with FB a short circuit.

b) PS and BD - power supply, bulk decoupling and planes with FB a short circuit.

c) PS, BD and HFD - power supply, bulk decoupling, high frequency decoupling

and planes with FB a short circuit.

d) PS, BD, HFD, and FB - power supply, bulk decoupling, high frequency

decoupling, FB and planes.

The (x,y) locations of the ports on Board 1 are shown in Table 4. Note that location of a

port is relative to the origin of each power plane system, i.e. relative to the lower left

hand corner of each rectangular plane.

Port x (m) y (m)

P1 0.07 0.22

PS 0.03 0.02

BD 0.06 0.05

FB 0.195 0.05

HFD1 0.04 0.20

HFD2 0.04 0.04

Table 4

The (x,y) locations of the ports on Board 2 are shown in Table 5.

Port x (m) y (m)

P2 0.05 0.03

FB 0.005 0.05

HFD4 0.02 0.02

Table 5

References

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The (x,y) locations of the ports on Board 3 are shown in Table 6.

Port x (m) y (m)

HFD3 0.08 0.13

Table 6

4 References

[1] Joe Trinkle, Matthew Wood and Antonio Cantoni, "MATLAB Tools for Power

Ground Plane Analysis- ELEC4401", V1.3, on LMS at UWA.

[2] Antonio Cantoni, "A Tool for Power Distribution Analysis in Electronic Circuits

Comprised of Multiple Interconnected Structures Including Power Planes", V1.0,

ELEC4401, LMS at UWA.

[3] “Impedance Expressions for Unloaded and Loaded Power Ground Planes”, Trinkle,

J.; Cantoni, A.; IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Volume 50, Issue

2, May 2008 Page(s):390 – 398.

[4] “Comparison of methods for calculating the loading effect of capacitors on power

ground planes”, Trinkle, J.; Cantoni, A.; EMC-Zurich 2006. 17th International Zurich

Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2006, Feb. 27 2006-March 3 2006

Page(s):97 – 99.